An ontology is a formal specification of a domain. It defines concepts within that domain, relationships between these concepts, and some logical restrictions.
An ontology formally defines key concepts and their relationships within a specific domain. It comprises:
For instance, in a university domain, an ontology might include concepts like students, staff, modules, lecture theatres, and departments, along with their interrelations.
OWL (Web Ontology Language) enhances semantic expression beyond XML and RDF(S). It offers advanced constructs for logical expressions, including: